Showing posts with label reason. Show all posts
Showing posts with label reason. Show all posts

Wednesday, February 3, 2021

Reason and Rejection

 The texts from the Roman Catholic Lectionary today invites contemplation of the tension between the tyranny of pure reason and our faith when we experience discipline and rejection.
Finding Faith

 

The reading from the Letter to the Hebrews urges the Christian community to endure trials for the sake of discipline and warns against rejecting God’s Grace.

* [12:113] Christian life is to be inspired not only by the Old Testament men and women of faith (Heb 12:1) but above all by Jesus. As the architect of Christian faith, he had himself to endure the cross before receiving the glory of his triumph (Heb 12:2). Reflection on his sufferings should give his followers courage to continue the struggle, if necessary even to the shedding of blood (Heb 12:34). Christians should regard their own sufferings as the affectionate correction of the Lord, who loves them as a father loves his children.1 

Psalm 103 is a thanksgiving for God’s Goodness.

* [Psalm 103] The speaker in this hymn begins by praising God for personal benefits (Ps 103:15), then moves on to God’s mercy toward all the people (Ps 103:618). Even sin cannot destroy that mercy (Ps 103:1113), for the eternal God is well aware of the people’s human fragility (Ps 103:1418). The psalmist invites the heavenly beings to join in praise (Ps 103:1922).2
 

The Gospel of Mark describes the rejection of Jesus at Nazareth.

* [6:4] A prophet is not without honor except…in his own house: a saying that finds parallels in other literatures, especially Jewish and Greek, but without reference to a prophet. Comparing himself to previous Hebrew prophets whom the people rejected, Jesus intimates his own eventual rejection by the nation especially in view of the dishonor his own relatives had shown him (Mk 3:21) and now his townspeople as well.3 

Beth Samson believes the first reading is ultimately getting to – how, when we do wrong, when we sin, do we seek the work of healing in order to restore right relationship with God, family, friends, community? And what do we need from God in these moments?

Let us pray. Loving God, You created each one of us in Your image and to grow into our unique personhood in order to be in relationship with You. You created us in community and with freedom, for that we give thanks. When we have done wrong, help us see the pain we have caused and be with us as we seek reconciliation in the relationships we have hurt – with You, with family and friends, with our wider community. Your Love for each of us is great, may we strive to respond to this immense Love with love in everything we do. Amen.4 

Don Schwager quotes “Distinguishing God's power and our faith,” by Origen of Alexandria (185-254 AD).

"And perhaps, as in the case of metallic substances there exists in some a natural attraction toward some other thing, as in the magnet for iron, and in naphtha for fire, so there is an attraction in such faith toward the divine power according to what Jesus said: 'If you have faith as a grain of mustard seed, you shall say unto this mountain, 'Move to another place,' and it shall be moved' (Matthew 17:20). Matthew and Mark wished to present the all-surpassing value of that divine power as a power that works even in those who do not believe. But they did not deny that grace works even more powerfully among those who have faith. So it seems to me that they accurately said not that the Lord did not do any mighty works because of their unbelief, but that he did not do many there (Mark 6:5). Mark does not flatly say that he could do no mighty work there at all, and stop at that point, but added, 'except that he laid his hands upon a few sick folk and healed them' (Mark 6:5). Thus the power in him overcame even their unbelief." (excerpt from COMMENTARY ON MATTHEW 10.19)5
 

The Word Among Us Meditation on Hebrews 12:4-7, 11:15 comments that coaches and teachers often use pep talks to motivate their charges and instill in them the determination to work hard. In some ways, this reading from the Letter to the Hebrews is like that. The author is speaking to Jewish Christians who were growing weary of the demands of the Christian life.

The Lord understands our many struggles to follow his commandments, to love our enemies, and to care for those around us. He sympathizes with our pain. After all, he became human just like us. But as the author of Hebrews says, the trials we endure are like the discipline that any good parent would use to form his child. That discipline might feel painful at the time, but there’s a great reward in store for us when we persevere and cling to Christ: the peace that comes from living in a way that is pleasing to him (Hebrews 12:11). Yes, God wants us to strive for holiness. But he doesn’t expect us to do it on our own. He freely showers his grace on us, each and every time we ask. So take heart! Our Father is not only a good parent, but he’s also a good coach, and he’s cheering you on toward the finish line. “Father, give me the grace to stay on the narrow road to life.”6
 

Friar Jude Winkler notes the author of Hebrews exhorts the community to live with faith like the heroes of the Hebrew Testament and suffer persecution as witnesses to Christ. Jesus performed all three categories of miracles, (nature, exorcism, and healing), in the area around Nazareth. Friar Jude reminds us to be more observant of the good in those close to us.


 

Fr. Richard Rohr, OFM, quotes Thomas Merton in “Contemplation in a World of Action”, that the imagination should be allowed a certain freedom to browse around. — Basic religious faith is a vote for some coherence, purpose, benevolence, and direction in the universe. Unfortunately, the notion of faith that emerged in the West was much more a rational assent to the truth of certain mental beliefs rather than a calm and hopeful trust that God is inherent in all things, and that this whole thing is going somewhere good. Author Sue Monk Kidd has written eloquently about the disruption spiritual seekers often encounter in midlife and our resistance to it.

What has happened to our ability to dwell in unknowing, to live inside a question and coexist with the tensions of uncertainty? Where is our willingness to incubate pain and let it birth something new? What has happened to patient unfolding, to endurance? These things are what form the ground of waiting. And if you look carefully, you’ll see that they’re also the seedbed of creativity and growth—what allows us to do the daring and to break through to newness. . . . Creativity flourishes not in certainty but in questions. Growth germinates not in tent dwelling but in upheaval. Yet the seduction is always security rather than venturing, instant knowing rather than deliberate waiting. [2]7 

Some of the discipline and rejection we need to be strengthened to endure comes from a world that has limited its vision to those rational events that we can perceive with our five senses.

 

References

1

(n.d.). Hebrews, CHAPTER 12 | USCCB. Retrieved February 3, 2021, from https://bible.usccb.org/bible/hebrews/12 

2

(n.d.). Psalms, PSALM 103 | USCCB. Retrieved February 3, 2021, from https://bible.usccb.org/bible/psalms/103 

3

(n.d.). Mark, CHAPTER 6 | USCCB. Retrieved February 3, 2021, from https://bible.usccb.org/bible/mark/6 

4

(n.d.). Creighton U Daily Reflections - Online .... Retrieved February 3, 2021, from https://onlineministries.creighton.edu/CollaborativeMinistry/020321.html 

5

(n.d.). Daily Scripture Readings and Meditations. Retrieved February 3, 2021, from https://www.dailyscripture.net/daily-meditation/?ds_year=2021&date=feb3 

6

(n.d.). Meditation: Hebrews 12:4-7, 11-15 - The Word Among Us. Retrieved February 3, 2021, from https://wau.org/meditations/2021/02/03/180732/ 

7

(2021, January 31). Unknowing Archives — Center for Action and Contemplation. Retrieved February 3, 2021, from https://cac.org/themes/unknowing/ 

 

Friday, November 8, 2019

Preparing a Plan

The texts from the Roman Catholic Lectionary today invite our seeking conversation with philosophers, evangelists, and mystics to plumb the depths of meaning that may be hidden in a cursory examination.
Planning to seek wisdom

The reading from the Letter to the Romans sheds light on Paul’s reason for writing so boldly as the Apostle to the Gentiles.
* [15:21] The citation from Is 52:15 concerns the Servant of the Lord. According to Isaiah, the Servant is first of all Israel, which was to bring the knowledge of Yahweh to the nations. In Rom 9–11 Paul showed how Israel failed in this mission. Therefore, he himself undertakes almost singlehandedly Israel’s responsibility as the Servant and moves as quickly as possible with the gospel through the Roman empire.1 
Psalm 98 praises God as the Judge of the World.
* [98:1] Marvelous deeds and victory: the conquest of all threats to the peaceful existence of Israel, depicted in the Psalms variously as a cosmic force such as sea, or nations bent on Israel’s destruction, or evildoers seemingly triumphant. His right hand and holy arm: God is pictured as a powerful warrior.2 
The interpretation of the Parable of the Dishonest Manager and its application to Christian life are questions arising from the Gospel of Luke, in whose writing there is arguably some influence from Stoicism.
* [16:1–8a] The parable of the dishonest steward has to be understood in the light of the Palestinian custom of agents acting on behalf of their masters and the usurious practices common to such agents. The dishonesty of the steward consisted in the squandering of his master’s property (Lk 16:1) and not in any subsequent graft. The master commends the dishonest steward who has forgone his own usurious commission on the business transaction by having the debtors write new notes that reflected only the real amount owed the master (i.e., minus the steward’s profit). The dishonest steward acts in this way in order to ingratiate himself with the debtors because he knows he is being dismissed from his position (Lk 16:3). The parable, then, teaches the prudent use of one’s material goods in light of an imminent crisis.3
Massimo Pigliucci thinks C. Kavin Rowe , whose most recent book is One True Life: the Stoics and Early Christians as Rival Traditions (Yale University Press, 2016), becomes a bit too rigid in casting Stoicism and Christianity as incommensurable.

For one thing, his version of Christianity — based as it is on the early writings of Paul, Luke and Justin Martyr — is indeed arguably incompatible, or at the very least much more difficult to reconcile — with the late Roman Stoa as instantiated in the writings of Seneca, Epictetus and Marcus. But Christianity has evolved in a myriad directions over the intervening two millennia. The Protestant Reformation, for instance, maintains that salvation is neither a matter of faith nor of good works, but depends entirely on the grace of God, which he provides of His own accord and for His own reasons. There is also the famous bit in James 2:26: “As the body without the spirit is dead, so faith without deeds is dead.” The interpretation of this, its (alleged) contradiction of Paul’s writings, and the extent to which “good works” are necessary for salvation (as distinct from, and in addition to, faith) has been widely debated.
I’m not a theologian, but it seems to me that one could be a Stoic who interprets the Logos as the Christian God, and then do good works through the practice of the virtues. Indeed, something like this has been proposed before, for instance by Justus Lipsius and his attempt at synthesizing Christianity and Stoicism in what is known as neo-Stoicism.4 

Carol Zuegner prays the prayer of Teilhard de Chardin, to ask for the grace to take that leap of faith, when we don’t quite understand the meaning of the Gospel.

Above all, trust in the slow work of God.We are quite naturally impatient in everything to reach the end without delay.We should like to skip the intermediate stages. We are impatient of being on the way to something unknown, something new. And yet it is the law of all progress that it is made by passing through some stages of instability— and that it may take a very long time. And so I think it is with you; your ideas mature gradually—let them grow, let them shape themselves, without undue haste. Don’t try to force them on, as though you could be today what time (that is to say, grace and circumstances acting on your own good will) will make of you tomorrow. Only God could say what this new spirit gradually forming within you will be. Give Our Lord the benefit of believing that his hand is leading you, and accept the anxiety of feeling yourself in suspense and incomplete.5 

Don Schwager considers the necessity of prudent foresight as he quotes “Jesus recommends the foresight, prudence, and ingenuity of the steward, by Augustine of Hippo,” 354-430 A.D.
"Why did the Lord Jesus Christ present this parable to us? He surely did not approve of that cheat of a servant who cheated his master, stole from him and did not make it up from his own pocket. On top of that, he also did some extra pilfering. He caused his master further loss, in order to prepare a little nest of quiet and security for himself after he lost his job. Why did the Lord set this before us? It is not because that servant cheated but because he exercised foresight for the future. When even a cheat is praised for his ingenuity, Christians who make no such provision blush. I mean, this is what he added, 'Behold, the children of this age are more prudent than the children of light.' They perpetrate frauds in order to secure their future. In what life, after all, did that steward insure himself like that? What one was he going to quit when he bowed to his master's decision? He was insuring himself for a life that was going to end. Would you not insure yourself for eternal life?" (excerpt from 359A.10.)6 
Raymond J. Devettere discusses prudence and Stoic determinism.

The Word Among Us Meditation on Luke 16:1-8 comments that the dishonest money manager in Jesus’ parable had learned the lesson that we attract more people with honey than with vinegar.
What this dishonest steward did for selfish reasons we can do for godly reasons. Showing mercy is always a good strategy, particularly in our parishes. The church you attend is your Catholic “home,” the place where your brothers and sisters in Christ gather to celebrate a family meal. It can be easy to think of Mass simply as “my time” with Jesus, but Jesus doesn’t just dwell in the tabernacle. He dwells in everyone gathering with you. That includes the cantor who sings off-key, the family with unruly children, and the guy racing out of the parking lot in front of you. How you treat your fellow parishioners is an important indicator of your relationship with God.7
Friar Jude Winkler connects the admonishment in Romans to the urgency of Paul to bring the Good News to as many as possible before the end of the world. The Vatican II understanding of anonymous Christians was not part of the spiritual understanding in Paul’s time. Friar Jude reminds us how we are often clever in earthly things and not in spiritual things.



Fr. Richard Rohr, OFM, comments on the work of Robin Wall Kimmerer, author of Braiding Sweetgrass: Indigenous Wisdom, Scientific Knowledge, and the Teachings of Plants, to underline the beautiful symbiotic relationship that exists between science and faith.
For too long science and faith fell into the “sin of certainty,” each claiming Truth only for themselves and ignoring the beautifully symbiotic relationship that exists between them. Scientists like Robin Wall Kimmerer are an essential part of the Great Turning, dissolving the artificial binaries that have walled them off from one another. May we all have minds and hearts open enough to integrate the wisdom of our spiritual elders.8 
Syncretism is the term used to cast our exploration of philosophy, science, and traditional elders and nature knowledge into a category of concern even as we are aware of the field of the Holy Spirit encompassing a universe of Creation that reveals God to people.

References

1
(n.d.). Romans, chapter 15 - United States Conference of Catholic .... Retrieved November 8, 2019, from http://www.usccb.org/bible/romans/15 
2
(n.d.). Psalms, chapter 98 - United States Conference of Catholic .... Retrieved November 8, 2019, from http://www.usccb.org/bible/psalms/98 
3
(n.d.). Luke, chapter 16 - United States Conference of Catholic Bishops. Retrieved November 8, 2019, from http://www.usccb.org/bible/luke/16 
4
(2017, January 11). Stoicism and Christianity, IV: can we compare? | How to Be a .... Retrieved November 8, 2019, from https://howtobeastoic.wordpress.com/2017/01/11/stoicism-and-christianity-iv-can-we-compare/comment-page-1/ 
5
(n.d.). Daily Reflections - OnlineMinistries .... Retrieved November 8, 2019, from https://onlineministries.creighton.edu/CollaborativeMinistry/daily.html 
6
(n.d.). Daily Scripture Readings and Meditations. Retrieved November 8, 2019, from https://dailyscripture.servantsoftheword.org/ 
7
(n.d.). Meditations - The Word Among Us. Retrieved November 8, 2019, from https://wau.org/meditations/2019/11/08/ 
8
(2019, November 8). Reciprocity — Center for Action and Contemplation. Retrieved November 8, 2019, from https://cac.org/reciprocity-2019-11-08/