Spirit of Truth

 The texts from the Roman Catholic Lectionary today challenge us to be open to the expansion of our ideas on how we understand and respond to the relationship of humanity to the Divine.

In A Spirit of Truth

The Reading from the Acts of the Apostles describes Paul in Athens and his Speech at the Areopagus.

* [17:22–31] In Paul’s appearance at the Areopagus he preaches his climactic speech to Gentiles in the cultural center of the ancient world. The speech is more theological than christological. Paul’s discourse appeals to the Greek world’s belief in divinity as responsible for the origin and existence of the universe. It contests the common belief in a multiplicity of gods supposedly exerting their powers through their images. It acknowledges that the attempt to find God is a constant human endeavor. It declares, further, that God is the judge of the human race, that the time of the judgment has been determined, and that it will be executed through a man whom God raised from the dead. The speech reflects sympathy with pagan religiosity, handles the subject of idol worship gently, and appeals for a new examination of divinity, not from the standpoint of creation but from the standpoint of judgment.

* [17:23] ‘To an Unknown God’: ancient authors such as Pausanias, Philostratus, and Tertullian speak of Athenian altars with no specific dedication as altars of “unknown gods” or “nameless altars.”

* [17:26] From one: many manuscripts read “from one blood.” Fixed…seasons: or “fixed limits to the epochs.”

* [17:28] ‘In him we live and move and have our being’: some scholars understand this saying to be based on an earlier saying of Epimenides of Knossos (6th century B.C.). ‘For we too are his offspring’: here Paul is quoting Aratus of Soli, a third-century B.C. poet from Cilicia. (Acts of the Apostles,CHAPTER 17 | USCCB, n.d.)

Psalm 148 invites all beings to praise God.

* [Psalm 148] A hymn inviting the beings of heaven (Ps 148:1–6) and of earth (Ps 148:7–14) to praise God. The hymn does not distinguish between inanimate and animate (and rational) nature. (Psalms, PSALM 148 | USCCB, n.d.)

In the Gospel of John, Jesus proclaims an interpretation of the role of the Spirit.

* [16:13] Declare to you the things that are coming: not a reference to new predictions about the future, but interpretation of what has already occurred or been said. (John, CHAPTER 16 | USCCB, n.d.)

Barbara Dilly comments that Jesus did not give us a list of detailed instructions for everything that was going to happen to each of us in every time and place. Rather, he gave us specific principles associated with love, trust, truth, and hope, from which to base our relationships with God and each other.

I have learned through my faith traditions that we must listen to the Spirit of truth revealed to each of us in love, and hope. In this way, the Spirit frees us from an exhaustive and incomplete list of rules, practices, and traditions that are never open to reinterpretation in current times and places. That does not mean we are all left to our own devices. We do best when we identify with religious traditions that value scholarly inquiry into the works of the Spirit, inspired preaching, and a community of believers who study the Word of God with each other. We also do best when we listen to the lived lives of our brothers and sisters undergoing struggle and pain for the voice of the Spirit among us to guide us in ways of love, truth, and hope. I pray today for that Spirit to reveal itself even more strongly in our midst. (Dilly, n.d.)

Don Schwager quotes The Spirit makes Christ known, by Augustine of Hippo, 354-430 A.D.

"He [the Holy Spirit] will make me clearly known by pouring love into the hearts of believers and making them spiritual and thus able to see that the Son whom they had known before only according to the flesh - and who they thought was only a man like themselves - was equal to the Father. Or at least, when his love filled them with boldness and cast out fear, they would proclaim Christ to men and women, and in this way they would spread Christ's fame throughout the whole world... For what they were going to do in the power of the Holy Spirit, this the Holy Spirit says he does himself." (excerpt from TRACTATES ON THE GOSPEL OF JOHN 100.1) (Schwager, n.d.)

The Word Among Us Meditation on Acts 17:15, 22–18:1 comments that the Creator of all space and time is not far from you. Or as St. Augustine wrote, God is interior “intimo meo”—he is more inward than your innermost self. What’s more, the God who is present in you looks on you with love, mercy, and goodwill. His presence within you is not for condemnation, even though he knows the complete truth about you. Even when he sees your sins and weaknesses, he sees a child whom he loves and longs to heal and restore.

In the quiet of prayer today, know that your Father is with you. Believe that he loves you personally and with a joy-filled, sin-forgiving, transforming love. It’s this love that moved God to become man in Jesus Christ, that propelled Paul and all the apostles to preach to the nations, and that is now available to you today. It’s true; the One who created the galaxies knows you individually. He is filled with love for you. He wants nothing but good for you. So seek him today; he is not far from you!

“Father, I know you are here with me!” (Meditation on Acts 17:15, 22–18:1, n.d.)

Friar Jude Winkler comments that in the reading from the Acts of the Apostles Paul goes to Athens and to the Areopagus, a great place for debate of new ideas. Paul notes they worship an unknown god.  As Stoics, they accept a few of Paul's arguments but not rising from the dead. Stoics understand the soul as imprisoned in the body and some even use fasting to be less material, as a Stoic excess. In the Gospel of John, Jesus continues the Last Supper Discourse identifying the Spirit of truth to remind the community of the Jesus teaching and continue to reveal the truth. The Spirit will continue, as seen in the Acts of the Apostles, to guide in the Church. Friar Jude comments that we share Jesus' relationship with the Father through the Spirit in the Trinity.

Father Richard Rohr, OFM, introduces spiritual teacher and translator Mirabai Starr describes how Julian’s positive experience of God sustained her when things were not “well” in the world around her.

Julian unpacks this for us [in chapter 27]. In doing so she dispenses with the whole concept of sin and replaces it with love. “I believe that sin has no substance,” Julian writes, “not a particle of being.” While sin itself has no existential value, it has impact. It causes pain. It is the pain that has substance.

But mercy is swiftly forthcoming. It is immediately available. Inexorable! It is frankly rude of us to doubt that all will be well (and all will be well and every kind of thing shall be well). “When he said these gentle words,” Julian writes, speaking of God-the-Mother, “he showed me that he does not have one iota of blame for me, or for any other person. So, wouldn’t it be unkind of me to blame God for my transgressions since he does not blame me?” The merciful nature of God renders the whole blame game obsolete….

For those of us who do not subscribe to a belief in some perfect afterworld but, rather, are focused on making things better right here on Earth, this teaching may feel disconnected. But what Julian is saying, with heartbreaking compassion, is that we cannot know this now, from our limited, pain-drenched perspective. Yet eventually we will awaken to the truth that we are unconditionally adored by God. (Rohr, n.d.)

We contemplate the Truth revealed by the Spirit about the Love of God that is the force that inspires our action to strive for “all will be well” in our environment.

References

Acts of the Apostles,CHAPTER 17 | USCCB. (n.d.). Daily Readings. Retrieved May 13, 2026, from https://bible.usccb.org/bible/acts/17?15 

Dilly, B. (n.d.). Daily Reflection. Creighton Online Ministries: Home. Retrieved May 13, 2026, from https://onlineministries.creighton.edu/daily-reflections/daily-reflection-may-13-2026 

John, CHAPTER 16 | USCCB. (n.d.). Daily Readings. Retrieved May 13, 2026, from https://bible.usccb.org/bible/john/16?12 

Meditation on Acts 17:15, 22–18:1. (n.d.). Word Among Us. Retrieved May 13, 2026, from https://wau.org/meditations/2026/05/13/1563390/ 

Psalms, PSALM 148 | USCCB. (n.d.). Daily Readings. Retrieved May 13, 2026, from https://bible.usccb.org/bible/psalms/148? 

Rohr, R. (n.d.). Will All Be Well? Center for Action and Contemplation. Retrieved May 13, 2026, from https://cac.org/daily-meditations/will-all-be-well/ 

Schwager, D. (n.d.). The Holy Spirit Will Guide You into All the Truth. Daily Scripture Readings and Meditations – Daily Scripture Readings and Meditations. Retrieved May 13, 2026, from https://www.dailyscripture.net/daily-meditation/ 

Advocate and Mothers

 The texts from the Roman Catholic Lectionary today challenge us to take the risk to share the love we celebrate on Mother’s Day by becoming advocates for others in our love and service.

Sharing our Journey

The Reading from the Acts of the Apostles presents the Mission of Philip in Samaria.

* [8:1] All were scattered…except the apostles: this observation leads some modern scholars to conclude that the persecution was limited to the Hellenist Christians and that the Hebrew Christians were not molested, perhaps because their attitude toward the law and temple was still more in line with that of their fellow Jews (see the charge leveled against the Hellenist Stephen in Acts 6:13–14). Whatever the facts, it appears that the Twelve took no public stand regarding Stephen’s position, choosing, instead, to await the development of events.

* [8:3] Saul…was trying to destroy the church: like Stephen, Saul was able to perceive that the Christian movement contained the seeds of doctrinal divergence from Judaism. A pupil of Gamaliel, according to Acts 22:3, and totally dedicated to the law as the way of salvation (Gal 1:13–14), Saul accepted the task of crushing the Christian movement, at least insofar as it detracted from the importance of the temple and the law. His vehement opposition to Christianity reveals how difficult it was for a Jew of his time to accept a messianism that differed so greatly from the general expectation.

* [8:16] Here and in Acts 10:44–48 and Acts 19:1–6, Luke distinguishes between baptism in the name of the Lord Jesus and the reception of the Spirit. In each case, the Spirit is conferred through members of the Twelve (Peter and John) or their representative (Paul). This may be Luke’s way of describing the role of the church in the bestowal of the Spirit. Elsewhere in Acts, baptism and the Spirit are more closely related (Acts 1:5; 11:16). (Acts, ACTS OF THE APOSTLES |USCCB, n.d.)

Psalm 66 praises God for powerful acts for Israel.

* [Psalm 66] In the first part (Ps 66:1–12), the community praises God for powerful acts for Israel, both in the past (the exodus from Egypt and the entry into the land [Ps 66:6]) and in the present (deliverance from a recent but unspecified calamity [Ps 66:8–12]). In the second part (Ps 66:13–20), an individual from the rescued community fulfills a vow to offer a sacrifice of thanksgiving. As often in thanksgivings, the rescued person steps forward to teach the community what God has done (Ps 66:16–20). (Psalms, PSALM 66 | USCCB, n.d.)

The Reading from the First Letter of Peter presents the hope in Christian Suffering.

* [3:13–22] This exposition, centering on 1 Pt 3:17, runs as follows: by his suffering and death Christ the righteous one saved the unrighteous (1 Pt 3:18); by his resurrection he received new life in the spirit, which he communicates to believers through the baptismal bath that cleanses their consciences from sin. As Noah’s family was saved through water, so Christians are saved through the waters of baptism (1 Pt 3:19–22). Hence they need not share the fear of sinners; they should rather rejoice in suffering because of their hope in Christ. Thus their innocence disappoints their accusers (1 Pt 3:13–16; cf. Mt 10:28; Rom 8:35–39).

* [3:18] Suffered: very many ancient manuscripts and versions read “died.” Put to death in the flesh: affirms that Jesus truly died as a human being. Brought to life in the spirit: that is, in the new and transformed existence freed from the limitations and weaknesses of natural human life (cf. 1 Cor 15:45). (1 Peter, CHAPTER 3 | USCCB, n.d.)

In the Gospel of John, Jesus promises the Advocate will guide our ministry.

* [14:16] Another Advocate: Jesus is the first advocate (paraclete); see 1 Jn 2:1, where Jesus is an advocate in the sense of intercessor in heaven. The Greek term derives from legal terminology for an advocate or defense attorney, and can mean spokesman, mediator, intercessor, comforter, consoler, although no one of these terms encompasses the meaning in John. The Paraclete in John is a teacher, a witness to Jesus, and a prosecutor of the world, who represents the continued presence on earth of the Jesus who has returned to the Father.

* [14:17] The Spirit of truth: this term is also used at Qumran, where it is a moral force put into a person by God, as opposed to the spirit of perversity. It is more personal in John; it will teach the realities of the new order (Jn 14:26), and testify to the truth (Jn 14:6). While it has been customary to use masculine personal pronouns in English for the Advocate, the Greek word for “spirit” is neuter, and the Greek text and manuscript variants fluctuate between masculine and neuter pronouns.

* [14:18] I will come to you: indwelling, not parousia. (John, CHAPTER 14 | USCCB, n.d.)

Rev. Andy Alexander, SJ, comments that the Greek word, “Paraclete,” has many connotations:  the Gatherer, the Comforter, the Protector, the Advocate, the one always at one’s side.   He also assures them that Jesus himself will remain in them.  They are not going to be left orphans.

“Come, Holy Spirit, fill the hearts of your faithful

and kindle in them the fire of your love.” - Prayer to the Holy Spirit

They are not going to be left orphans (Alexander, 2026)

Don Schwager quotes “There is no love without the Holy Spirit,” by Augustine of Hippo, 354-430 A.D.

"How, then, did the apostles love, but in the Holy Spirit? And yet they are commanded to love him and keep his commandments before they have received him and, in fact, in order to receive him. And yet, without having that Spirit, they certainly could not love him and keep his commandments. We are therefore to understand that he who loves already has the Holy Spirit, and by what he has he becomes worthy of a fuller possession, that by having more he may love more. The disciples, therefore, already had that Holy Spirit whom the Lord promised, for without him they could not call him Lord. But they had him not as yet in the way promised by the Lord... He was yet to be given them in an ampler measure [at Pentecost]." (excerpt from TRACTATES ON THE GOSPEL OF JOHN 74.1-2) (Schwager, n.d.)

The Word Among Us Meditation on John 14:15-21 comments that Jesus is telling us that two seemingly unrelated areas belong together and depend on each other: loving him and loving one another. We can’t love him, he says, if we are not caring for the people around us. To say that we love the Lord while we are holding someone in contempt or harboring hatred against someone is to miss the point of his gospel message. It’s to miss the point of his cross.

Do you want to observe Jesus’ commandments? And do you want to love him more fully? The answer may be as close as the person sitting across the dinner table from you or the person down the street who needs a helping hand.

“Jesus, help me to love you more deeply by loving others more faithfully.” (Meditation on John 14:15-21, n.d.)

Friar Jude Winkler comments that in the Acts of the Apostles we hear how Philip went to Samaria, an area occupied by intermarried Hebrew people. This is a sign that the message is spreading beyond the traditional bounds. Peter and Paul get the gift of the Spirit often in dreams. In 1 Peter, we are supposed to evangelize with gentleness and humility without judgement. We die to ourselves to give witness to Jesus' death. In the Last Supper Discourses, we are instructed to keep the commandments. In John’s Gospel, that is often meant “to believe that Jesus is the Son sent by God and it is necessary to live the love of Jesus in our action”. Friar Jude comments that Jesus sends the Paraclete, an ambiguous word for “advocate”. All the action of the Spirit is witness to His presence on the earth after the Ascension.

Father Richard Rohr, OFM, praises the wisdom of the mystic Julian of Norwich (1342–ca. 1416), who experienced the motherhood of God and Jesus. Father Richard considers the archetypal human need for maternal care.

Julian helps me finally understand one major aspect of my own Catholic culture: why in heaven’s name, for centuries, did both the Eastern and Western Churches attribute so many beautiful and beloved places, shrines, hills, cathedrals, and works of religious art in the Middle East and Europe, not usually to Jesus, or even to God, but to some iteration of Mother Mary? Many people in Julian’s time didn’t have access to scripture—in fact, most couldn’t read at all. They interpreted at the level of archetype and symbol. The “word” or logos was quite good, but a feminine image for God was even better. (Rohr, n.d.)

Mirabai Starr translates one of Julian’s teachings on God as Mother:

Only [God] who is our true Mother and source of all life may rightfully be called by this name. Nature, love, wisdom, and knowledge are all attributes of the Mother, which is God. Even though our earthly birth is low and humble … [God] is the one responsible for the birth of all babies that are born to their physical mothers.

The kind, loving mother, aware of the needs of her child, protects the child with great tenderness. This is the nature of motherhood…. Whenever a human mother nurtures her child with all that is beautiful and good, it is God-the-Mother who is acting through her. [3] (Rohr, n.d.)

We pray the Spirit will fill our hearts with the Love that will drive our Baptismal Anointing as priest, prophet, and leader in the environment in which we live.

References

Acts, ACTS OF THE APOSTLES |USCCB. (n.d.). Daily Bible Readings. Retrieved May 10, 2026, from https://bible.usccb.org/bible/acts/8?5 

Alexander, A. (2026, May 9). Daily Reflection May 10, 2026 | Creighton Online Ministries. Creighton Online Ministries. Retrieved May 10, 2026, from https://onlineministries.creighton.edu/daily-reflections/daily-reflection-may-10-2026 

John, CHAPTER 14 | USCCB. (n.d.). Daily Readings. Retrieved May 10, 2026, from https://bible.usccb.org/bible/john/14? 

Meditation on John 14:15-21. (n.d.). Word Among Us. Retrieved May 10, 2026, from https://wau.org/meditations/2026/05/10/1561422/ 

1 Peter, CHAPTER 3 | USCCB. (n.d.). Daily Readings. Retrieved May 10, 2026, from https://bible.usccb.org/bible/1peter/3? 

Psalms, PSALM 66 | USCCB. (n.d.). Daily Readings. Retrieved May 10, 2026, from https://bible.usccb.org/bible/psalms/66?1 

Rohr, R. (n.d.). Motherhood of God. Center for Action and Contemplation. Retrieved May 10, 2026, from https://cac.org/daily-meditations/motherhood-of-god/ 

Schwager, D. (n.d.). The Counselor Will Be with You for Ever. Daily Scripture Readings and Meditations – Daily Scripture Readings and Meditations. Retrieved May 10, 2026, from https://www.dailyscripture.net/daily-meditation/ 

Stepping Up in Faith

The texts from the Roman Catholic Lectionary today remind us that when we are called to challenge giant problems we are strengthened by our faith to participate in a Providential outcome.

Participation in The Family of God

In the Reading from the First Book of Samuel, David Challenges Goliath and claims Victory.

* [17:12–31] Here the final editor begins an alternative account of David’s encounter with the Philistine hero, which continues in vv. 50–51 and concludes in 17:55–18:5.

* [17:41–47] The two combatants trade theological taunts. God uses the most unlikely opponent to destroy Goliath. (1 Samuel, CHAPTER 17 | USCCB, n.d.)

Psalm 144 is a promise of future thanksgiving for God to show forth saving power.

* [Psalm 144] The Psalm may reflect a ceremony in which the king, as leader of the army, asked God’s help (Ps 144:1–8). In Ps 144:9 the poem shifts abruptly from pleading to thanksgiving, and (except for Ps 144:11) shifts again to prayer for the people. The first section (Ps 144:1–2) is a prayer of thanks for victory; the second (Ps 144:3–7a), a humble acknowledgment of human nothingness and a supplication that God show forth saving power; the third (Ps 144:9–11), a promise of future thanksgiving; the fourth (Ps 144:12–15), a wish for prosperity and peace. A prayer for deliverance from treacherous foes serves as a refrain after the second and third sections (Ps 144:7b–8, 11). Except for its final section, the Psalm is made up almost entirely of verses from other Psalms. (Psalms, PSALM 144 | USCCB, n.d.)

In the Gospel of Mark, Jesus heals a Man with a Withered Hand on the Sabbath.

* [3:1–5] Here Jesus is again depicted in conflict with his adversaries over the question of sabbath-day observance. His opponents were already ill disposed toward him because they regarded Jesus as a violator of the sabbath. Jesus’ question Is it lawful to do good on the sabbath rather than to do evil? places the matter in the broader theological context outside the casuistry of the scribes. The answer is obvious. Jesus heals the man with the withered hand in the sight of all and reduces his opponents to silence; cf. Jn 5:17–18.

* [3:6] In reporting the plot of the Pharisees and Herodians to put Jesus to death after this series of conflicts in Galilee, Mark uses a pattern that recurs in his account of later controversies in Jerusalem (Mk 11:17–18; 12:13–17). The help of the Herodians, supporters of Herod Antipas, tetrarch of Galilee and Perea, is needed to take action against Jesus. Both series of conflicts point to their gravity and to the impending passion of Jesus. (Mark, CHAPTER 3 | USCCB, n.d.)

Jane Stein comments that it is God who equips us, often quietly and interiorly, for the struggles we face. Whether those “battles” are against fear, injustice, illness, or our own self-doubt, the faith-filled heart takes refuge in the Rock who never fails.

The responsorial psalm beautifully echoes this confidence: “Blessed be the Lord, my rock, who trains my hands for battle.” It is God who equips us, often quietly and interiorly, for the struggles we face. Whether those “battles” are against fear, injustice, illness, or our own self-doubt, the faith-filled heart takes refuge in the Rock who never fails.

In the Gospel of Mark, Jesus faces a different kind of confrontation, not with a warrior, but with hardened hearts. When he heals the man with the withered hand on the sabbath, his act of compassion exposes the hypocrisy of those who value legalism over love. Jesus’ question pierces through self-righteous silence: “Is it lawful to do good on the sabbath rather than to do evil?” His courage, like David’s, comes from fidelity to the Father’s mission. Both David and Jesus act in the name of God’s truth, even when surrounded by opposition. (Stein, 2026)

Don Schwager quotes “The tender compassion of the Lord,” by John Chrysostom, 347-407 A.D.

"Jesus said to the man with the withered hand, 'Come here.' Then he challenged the Pharisees as to whether it would be lawful to do good on the sabbath. Note the tender compassion of the Lord when he deliberately brought the man with the withered hand right into their presence (Luke 6:8). He hoped that the mere sight of the misfortune might soften them, that they might become a little less spiteful by seeing the affliction, and perhaps out of sorrow mend their own ways. But they remained callous and unfeeling. They preferred to do harm to the name of Christ than to see this poor man made whole. They betrayed their wickedness not only by their hostility to Christ, but also by their doing so with such contentiousness that they treated with disdain his mercies to others." (excerpt from THE GOSPEL OF MATTHEW, HOMILY 40.1) (Schwager, n.d.)

The Word Among Us Meditation on 1 Samuel 17:32-33, 37, 40-51 asks how often do we think that relying on God means being passive, and therefore neglect the work that he calls us to do? On the other hand, how often do we rely on our own strength, doing the “work of the Lord” but neglecting the “Lord of the work”?

It’s a challenging combination. We need to humble ourselves and recognize that we are weak without the Lord. But we also need to believe that we can do all things through Christ who strengthens us. We need to learn the art of being still and knowing that he is God, and we also need to learn how to step out of the boat and onto the surging waters of life.

What Goliath are you facing right now? How can you step out in faith, trusting in God’s power as you fling your stone?

“Jesus, I embrace the victory you have given me on the cross. I place my confidence in your power and in the talents you have given me.” (Meditation on 1 Samuel 17:32-33, 37, 40-51, n.d.)

Friar Jude Winkler comments that the reading from 1 Samuel gives the account of David and Goliath. David trusts in the Providence of the Lard and defeats the Philistine, cutting off his head. In 2 Samuel 21:19 we hear a different story that Elhanan, son of Jair from Bethlehem, killed Goliath of Gath. Was this story transformed to make David a hero? (Dr Kaspars Ozolins

Assistant Professor of Old Testament Interpretation at Southern Baptist Theological Seminary offers an explanation) In the Gospel of Mark, Jesus is in the synagogue on the Sabbath and asks “Is it permissible to heal on the Sabbath” . The Pharisees oppose Jesus and they are dedicated laymen taking the Law too seriously, being too scrupulous building a fence around the Law and missing the point of the Sabbath. Friar Jude reminds us that resting in the Lord to do good deeds on Sunday was supported by Pope Saint John Paul II in a pastoral letter.

Father Richard Rohr introduces Author Mirabai Starr who describes how the histories of Judaism, Christianity, and Islam have been shaped by people who were brave enough to listen to and obey God’s call.

The history of Judaism, Christianity, and Islam abounds with accounts of great beings who trembled when they were confronted with the presence of the Divine and given a task of global dimensions. Traditionally, this reluctance is implied, rather than stated, yet when we read the scriptures with an open heart, we can feel the anguish behind the submission.

Responding to God’s call always comes at a cost:

It is said that the Divine does not choose the wealthy and powerful to be prophets. [God] picks farmers and illiterate caravan drivers, orphans and poor Jewish virgins. [God] favors the ones who stand up…, talk back…, the ones who challenge the divine directive. When the angel of the Lord told the matriarch Sarah that she was going to become the mother of many nations, Sarah laughed. She was long past the age of childbearing, and the patriarch Abraham was even older. When her son was born the following year, they named him Isaac, which means “laughter.”…

“The prophets of Israel,” Karen Armstrong writes in A History of God, “experienced their God as a physical pain that wrenched their every limb and filled them with pain and elation.” Adrienne von Speyr says that the prophets are “inconsolable.” It is easy to see why they might have been reluctant to answer the call. (Rohr, n.d.)

We ponder the battle between David and Goliath and contemplate how we implore the Spirit to prepare us to step up in faith when challenged as disciples of Christ.

References

Mark, CHAPTER 3 | USCCB. (n.d.). Daily Readings. Retrieved January 21, 2026, from https://bible.usccb.org/bible/mark/3?1 

Meditation on 1 Samuel 17:32-33, 37, 40-51. (n.d.). Word Among Us. Retrieved January 21, 2026, from https://wau.org/meditations/2026/01/21/1484326/ 

1 Samuel, CHAPTER 17 | USCCB. (n.d.). Daily Readings. Retrieved January 21, 2026, from https://bible.usccb.org/bible/1samuel/17?32 

Psalms, PSALM 144 | USCCB. (n.d.). Daily Readings. Retrieved January 21, 2026, from https://bible.usccb.org/bible/psalms/144?1 

Rohr, R. (n.d.). Listening for a Sacred Call. Center for Action and Contemplation. Retrieved January 21, 2026, from https://cac.org/daily-meditations/ 

Schwager, D. (n.d.). Is It Lawful... to Save Life or to Kill? Daily Scripture Readings and Meditations – Daily Scripture Readings and Meditations. Retrieved January 21, 2026, from https://www.dailyscripture.net/daily-meditation/ 

Stein, J. (2026, January 21). Daily Reflection January 21, 2026 | Creighton Online Ministries. Creighton Online Ministries. Retrieved January 21, 2026, from https://onlineministries.creighton.edu/daily-reflections/daily-reflection-january-21-2026