Shepherd and Souls

The Commemoration of the Faithful Departed

All Souls Day

Wisdom 3:1-9 The Hidden Counsels of God ON SUFFERING

* [3:1–12] The author affirms that, for the righteous, sufferings are not punishments but purification and opportunities to show fidelity, whereas for the wicked suffering is truly a punishment.

* [3:6] Offerings: the image is that of the burnt offering, in which the victim is completely consumed by fire.

* [3:7] Judgment: the Greek episkopē is God’s loving judgment of those who have been faithful to him; the same word is used in 14:11 for the punishment of the wicked at God’s judgment. Cf. also v. 13. (Wisdom, CHAPTER 3 | USCCB, n.d.)

Psalm 23:1-3a, 3b-4, 5, 6 The Lord is My Shepherd

* [Psalm 23] God’s loving care for the psalmist is portrayed under the figures of a shepherd for the flock (Ps 23:1–4) and a host’s generosity toward a guest (Ps 23:5–6). The imagery of both sections is drawn from traditions of the exodus (Is 40:11; 49:10; Jer 31:10). (Psalms, PSALM 23 | USCCB, n.d.)

Romans 5:5-11 Faith, Hope, and Love

* [5:1–11] Popular piety frequently construed reverses and troubles as punishment for sin; cf. Jn 9:2. Paul therefore assures believers that God’s justifying action in Jesus Christ is a declaration of peace. The crucifixion of Jesus Christ displays God’s initiative in certifying humanity for unimpeded access into the divine presence. Reconciliation is God’s gift of pardon to the entire human race. Through faith one benefits personally from this pardon or, in Paul’s term, is justified. The ultimate aim of God is to liberate believers from the pre-Christian self as described in Rom 1–3. Since this liberation will first find completion in the believer’s resurrection, salvation is described as future in Rom 5:10. Because this fullness of salvation belongs to the future it is called the Christian hope. Paul’s Greek term for hope does not, however, suggest a note of uncertainty, to the effect: “I wonder whether God really means it.” Rather, God’s promise in the gospel fills believers with expectation and anticipation for the climactic gift of unalloyed commitment in the holy Spirit to the performance of the will of God. The persecutions that attend Christian commitment are to teach believers patience and to strengthen this hope, which will not disappoint them because the holy Spirit dwells in their hearts and imbues them with God’s love (Rom 5:5).

* [5:1] We have peace: a number of manuscripts, versions, and church Fathers read “Let us have peace”; cf. Rom 14:19.

* [5:7] In the world of Paul’s time the good person is especially one who is magnanimous to others. (Romans, CHAPTER 5 | USCCB, n.d.)

Romans 6:3-9 Freedom from Sin; Life in God.

* [6:1–11] To defend the gospel against the charge that it promotes moral laxity (cf. Rom 3:5–8), Paul expresses himself in the typical style of spirited diatribe. God’s display of generosity or grace is not evoked by sin but, as stated in Rom 5:8 is the expression of God’s love, and this love pledges eternal life to all believers (Rom 5:21). Paul views the present conduct of the believers from the perspective of God’s completed salvation when the body is resurrected and directed totally by the holy Spirit. Through baptism believers share the death of Christ and thereby escape from the grip of sin. Through the resurrection of Christ the power to live anew becomes reality for them, but the fullness of participation in Christ’s resurrection still lies in the future. But life that is lived in dedication to God now is part and parcel of that future. Hence anyone who sincerely claims to be interested in that future will scarcely be able to say, “Let us sin so that grace may prosper” (cf. Rom 6:1).

John 6:37-40 The Bread of Life Discourse.

* [6:35–59] Up to Jn 6:50 “bread of life” is a figure for God’s revelation in Jesus; in Jn 6:51–58, the eucharistic theme comes to the fore. There may thus be a break between Jn 6:50–51.

Rev. Kent Beausoleil, SJ, confirms there is a definite ache in the heart planted over the loss of any soul in our lives.  He is grateful for a quote given to him by a friend when he was mourning a particularly hard loss.  This quote from Dietrich Bonhoeffer, a Lutheran Pastor imprisoned for his resistance of the Nazis in WWII is found in his work Letters and Papers from Prison:

“Nothing can make up for the absence of someone whom we love, and it would be wrong to try to find a substitute; we must simply hold out and see it through. That sounds very hard at first, but at the same time it is a great consolation, for the gap, as long as it remains unfilled, preserves the bonds between us. It is nonsense to say that God fills the gap; God doesn’t fill it, but on the contrary, God keeps it empty and so helps us to keep alive our former communion with each other, even at the cost of pain.”

Don Schwager quotes “Every One Who Believes in Him Will Be Raised up at the Last Day”

Whoever sees and believes, by Augustine of Hippo, 354-430 A.D.

"He has said two things: 'This is the work of God that you should believe in the one whom he has sent,' while here he added, 'whoever sees and believes.' The Jews saw but did not believe; they had the one condition, lacked the other. How could they attain to eternal life without the other? The reason those who saw did not attain eternal life was because they did not also believe. If so, what about us who have believed but have not seen? If it is those two things that earn eternal life, seeing and believing - and whoever is lacking one of them cannot attain to the reward of eternal life - what are we to do? The Jews [who saw him] lacked the one; we the other. They had seeing but lacked believing. We have believing but lack seeing. Well, as regards our having believing and lacking seeing, we have prophetically been declared blessed by the Lord himself just as Thomas, one of the Twelve, was blessed when he felt [Jesus'] scars by touching them." (excerpt from HOLY VIRGINITY 3.1)

The Word Among Us Meditation on John 6:37-40 comments that the Father is so merciful that he even allows everyone who dies “in God’s grace and friendship, but still imperfectly purified” to continue to undergo purification—all so that we can receive eternal life (Catechism, 1030)!

As you pray for all the souls in purgatory at Mass today, ask God to fill you with hope. Let him remind you of his everlasting love for you and for all those who have already passed away. As the celebrant lifts up the host and chalice, thank God for sending Jesus so that “everyone” may see him and believe in him. He has promised to raise us “on the last day” (John 6:40)—and that’s a promise we can put our faith in!

“Lord Jesus, Savior of the world, I place my hope in you!”

Friar Jude Winkler notes that in the Wisdom reading “the souls of the just are in the hands of God” reveals some of the influence of Greek thought, particularly the soul being imprisoned in the body. Death is not punishment but the dead are in the hands of God contrary to the Jewish idea of Sheol. Paul declares to the Romans that Jesus died for us when we were in sin, perhaps not deserving the reconciliation with God through Jesus. In John 6, the Bread of Life Discourse Jesus speaks of himself as the Wisdom Incarnate. It is the Father's will for us to be saved. In the Eucharist we acknowledge a future eschatology will be saved on the last day, more to come and realized eschatology when we come to know Him now.

References

Beausoleil, K. (n.d.). Daily Reflection. Creighton Online Ministries: Home. Retrieved November 2, 2025, from https://onlineministries.creighton.edu/ 

Meditation on John 6:37-40. (n.d.). Word Among Us. Retrieved November 2, 2025, from https://wau.org/meditations/2025/11/01/1420545/ 

Psalms, PSALM 23 | USCCB. (n.d.). Daily Readings. Retrieved November 2, 2025, from https://bible.usccb.org/bible/psalms/23?1 

Romans, CHAPTER 5 | USCCB. (n.d.). Daily Readings. Retrieved November 2, 2025, from https://bible.usccb.org/bible/romans/5?5 

Romans, CHAPTER 6 | USCCB. (n.d.). Daily Readings. Retrieved November 3, 2025, from https://bible.usccb.org/bible/romans/6?3 

Schwager, D. (n.d.). Daily Scripture Net. Daily Scripture Readings and Meditations – Daily Scripture Readings and Meditations. Retrieved November 2, 2025, from https://www.dailyscripture.net/ 

Wisdom, CHAPTER 3 | USCCB. (n.d.). Daily Readings. Retrieved November 2, 2025, from https://bible.usccb.org/bible/wisdom/3?1 

Preoccupation and Promises

The texts from the Roman Catholic Lectionary today warn us that our pride and self focus are not reliable guides to living in the fullness of life promised by Christ.

Peace or Preoccupation

The Reading from the Book of Judges presents the tragedy of Jephthah’s Vow.

* [11:30–40] Jephthah’s rash vow and its tragic consequences reflect a widespread folklore motif, most familiar in the Greek story of Iphigenia and her father, Agamemnon. The sacrifice of children was strictly forbidden by Mosaic law (Lv 18:21; 20:2–5), and when the biblical writers report its occurrence, they usually condemn it in strong terms (2 Kgs 16:3; 21:6; Jer 7:31; 19:5). In this case, however, the narrator simply records the old story, offering no comment on the acceptability of Jephthah’s extreme gesture. The story may have been preserved because it provided an explanation of the custom described in vv. 39–40 according to which Israelite women mourned Jephthah’s daughter annually in a four-day ceremony. (Judges, CHAPTER 11, n.d.)

Psalm 40 is a thanksgiving combined with a lament.

* [Psalm 40] A thanksgiving (Ps 40:2–13) has been combined with a lament (Ps 40:14–17) that appears also in Ps 70. The psalmist describes the rescue in spatial terms—being raised up from the swampy underworld to firm earth where one can praise God (Ps 40:2–4). All who trust God will experience like protection (Ps 40:5–6)! The Psalm stipulates the precise mode of thanksgiving: not animal sacrifice but open and enthusiastic proclamation of the salvation just experienced (Ps 40:7–11). A prayer for protection concludes (Ps 40:12–17). (Psalms, PSALM 40 | USCCB, n.d.)

The Gospel of Matthew proclaims The Parable of the Wedding Feast.

* [22:1–14] This parable is from Q; see Lk 14:15–24. It has been given many allegorical traits by Matthew, e.g., the burning of the city of the guests who refused the invitation (Mt 22:7), which corresponds to the destruction of Jerusalem by the Romans in A.D. 70. It has similarities with the preceding parable of the tenants: the sending of two groups of servants (Mt 22:3, 4), the murder of the servants (Mt 22:6), the punishment of the murderers (Mt 22:7), and the entrance of a new group into a privileged situation of which the others had proved themselves unworthy (Mt 22:8–10). The parable ends with a section that is peculiar to Matthew (Mt 22:11–14), which some take as a distinct parable. Matthew presents the kingdom in its double aspect, already present and something that can be entered here and now (Mt 22:1–10), and something that will be possessed only by those present members who can stand the scrutiny of the final judgment (Mt 22:11–14). The parable is not only a statement of God’s judgment on Israel but a warning to Matthew’s church.

* [22:2] Wedding feast: the Old Testament’s portrayal of final salvation under the image of a banquet (Is 25:6) is taken up also in Mt 8:11; cf. Lk 13:15.

* [22:3–4] Servants…other servants: probably Christian missionaries in both instances; cf. Mt 23:34.

* [22:7] See note on Mt 22:1–14.

* [22:10] Bad and good alike: cf. Mt 13:47.

* [22:11] A wedding garment: the repentance, change of heart and mind, that is the condition for entrance into the kingdom (Mt 3:2; 4:17) must be continued in a life of good deeds (Mt 7:21–23).

* [22:13] Wailing and grinding of teeth: the Christian who lacks the wedding garment of good deeds will suffer the same fate as those Jews who have rejected Jesus; see note on Mt 8:11–12. (Matthew, CHAPTER 22 | USCCB, n.d.)

Jay Carney asks how often have we fallen into this “slot machine God” mode, promising great things if only God will “do this one thing” for us?

Matthew’s judgment parable is addressed to Pharisees and other Jewish leaders who have rejected Jesus and his followers. Carrying forward Isaiah’s image of the great eschatological feast, Matthew envisions a rich wedding banquet to which all are invited, including Jesus’ opponents. And yet despite two requests, these invitees react with apathy, preoccupation, and violence, precipitating harsh punishment from the king. The call then goes out much further, including the Gentiles in Matthew’s audience. And yet even here Matthew is quick to remind his listeners that Christian salvation is not a membership club; one has to fulfill the call of baptism in faith and good works. 

As the Psalmist reminds us today, this divine banquet does not necessitate sacrificial oblations or burnt offerings, but the conversion of heart. What in my heart needs to grow or change before I am ready to share in the wedding feast of the Lamb? (Carney, 2025)

Dieterich Bonhoeffer, a Lutheran pastor and theologian in Germany who died for his faith under Hitler's Nazi rule, contrasted "cheap grace" and "costly grace".

"Cheap grace is the grace we bestow on ourselves... the preaching of forgiveness without requiring repentance... grace without discipleship, grace without the cross, grace without Jesus Christ, living and incarnate... Costly grace is the gospel which must be sought again and again, the gift which must be asked for, the door at which a man must knock. Such grace is costly because it calls us to follow Jesus Christ. It is costly because it costs a man his life, and it is grace because it gives a man the only true life." (Schwager, n.d.)

Don Schwager quotes “A guest with no wedding garment,” by John Chrysostom (347-407 AD).

"But since you have already come into the house of the marriage feast, our holy church, as a result of God's generosity, be careful, my friends, lest when the King enters he find fault with some aspect of your heart's clothing. We must consider what comes next with great fear in our hearts. But the king came in to look at the guests and saw there a person not clothed in a wedding garment. What do we think is meant by the wedding garment, dearly beloved? For if we say it is baptism or faith, is there anyone who has entered this marriage feast without them? A person is outside because he has not yet come to believe. What then must we understand by the wedding garment but love? That person enters the marriage feast, but without wearing a wedding garment, who is present in the holy church. He may have faith, but he does not have love. We are correct when we say that love is the wedding garment because this is what our Creator himself possessed when he came to the marriage feast to join the church to himself. Only God's love brought it about that his only begotten Son united the hearts of his chosen to himself. John says that 'God so loved the world that he gave his only begotten Son for us' (John 3:16)." (excerpt from FORTY GOSPEL HOMILIES 38.9) (Schwager, n.d.)

The Word Among Us Meditation on Matthew 22:1-14 comments that Jesus ends his parable with a warning: “Many are invited, but few are chosen” (Matthew 22:14). God wants everyone to live in his kingdom. Yet the choice is up to us. We entered God’s kingdom at our Baptism, but every day, we need to receive the love, mercy, and grace that will keep our wedding garment clean.

This is what the kingdom of heaven is like. So today, say yes once again to God’s invitation. If you feel unworthy, ask for his forgiveness and let him make you worthy. And worship your great King, who sent his only Son to earth so that you could rejoice and celebrate, both now and for all eternity, at the “wedding day of the Lamb” (Revelation 19:7)!

“Father, I accept your invitation. Clothe me in your grace today!” (Meditation on Matthew 22:1-14, n.d.)

Friar Jude Winkler reflects on the texts of today. In Judges a warrior of Israel, Jephthah, makes a promise and a burnt offering unfortunately causing the death of his daughter. This is perhaps an etiology to explain the practice of mourning virginity. The custom likely preceded the story. The King invites people, in Matthew’s Gospel, to the great feast. The detail of the destruction of the Temple, after the 70 AD, may influence the narrative. Friar Jude suggests that when the one without the wedding banquet is ejected, perhaps with garments at the door for guests, that if we are called to Christ, we have to be able to change our lives and reject the false values of this world.

Fr. Richard Rohr, OFM, explores the emotional energy of anger and how we can allow it to both inform us and move through us. The preoccupations of the Furies were what the later Desert Fathers and Mothers would call “passions” or what we might call addictive emotions. Whenever we recognize an outsized emotional response, we can be pretty certain that we are over-identified with something or our shadow self has just been activated and exposed. If we are ultimately incapable of detaching from an emotion, we are far too attached!

There is much evil and injustice in the world that deserves righteous anger, but a good practice is to watch that emotion a bit—to see where that anger is actually coming from. This will take humility and patience. If it is truly God’s anger, we can also trust God to lead and resolve it to some degree, but when it is mostly our anger—if we are using God as our justification—it will have too much urgency, too much of “me,” too much righteousness, too much impatience, too much need to humiliate the opponent. We almost always start there, but good therapy, a wise friend, or spiritual direction can help us distinguish between our personal anger and God’s pure anger. This might take some time to learn, but, unless we do this, we will not have healthy or helpful emotional responses—the unhealthy ones will have us! This is surely what the Bible was pointing to in using the psychologically astute phrase of “being possessed by a demon”! (Rohr, n.d.)

We seek the prudence and patience of the Spirit to accept the call of Christ to join the wedding feast of the Lamb, with proper preparation and attention to our mission.

References

Carney, J. (2025, August 21). Daily Reflection August 21, 2025 | Creighton Online Ministries. Creighton Online Ministries. Retrieved August 21, 2025, from https://onlineministries.creighton.edu/daily-reflections/daily-reflection-august-21-2025 

Judges, CHAPTER 11. (n.d.). USCCB. Retrieved August 21, 2025, from https://bible.usccb.org/bible/judges/11?29 

Matthew, CHAPTER 22 | USCCB. (n.d.). Daily Readings. Retrieved August 21, 2025, from https://bible.usccb.org/bible/matthew/22?1 

Meditation on Matthew 22:1-14. (n.d.). Word Among Us. Retrieved August 21, 2025, from https://wau.org/meditations/2025/08/21/1359956/ 

Psalms, PSALM 40 | USCCB. (n.d.). Daily Readings. Retrieved August 21, 2025, from https://bible.usccb.org/bible/psalms/40?5 

Rohr, R. (n.d.). Releasing Our Passions. Center for Action and Contemplation. Retrieved August 21, 2025, from https://cac.org/daily-meditations/releasing-our-passions/ 

Schwager, D. (n.d.). They Would Not Come to the Feast! Daily Scripture Readings and Meditations – Daily Scripture Readings and Meditations. Retrieved August 21, 2025, from https://www.dailyscripture.net/daily-meditation/?ds_year=2025&date=aug21